The Maasai, also known as Masai or Massai, are an ethnic group in East Africa who live on the vast plains of southern Kenya and northern Tanzania. Some Maasai live in northern Tanzania, in the Loliondo region. This area lies near the famous Serengeti National Park. The Maasai are not the largest ethnic group, but their well-preserved cultures have made them one of the best-known tribes in Africa. Traditionally, the Maasai rely on livestock herding, keeping mainly cattle, goats and sheep.
Many Maasai move from place to place with their livestock in search of water and grazing, making them semi-nomadic. Their traditional dress includes red and blue patterned shukas (cloths).
The land around the Ngorongoro, Serengeti and Masai Mararo national parks, as well as our travel area in Loliondo, is very important to them. They have lived there for many generations and graze their livestock there. The Maasai have faced problems with the Tanzanian government for many years. The government has designated parts of their land as protected areas.
As a result, the Maasai can no longer use many areas. Many have lost their grazing land and access to water. The land is used, among other things, for safaris and hunting. Tens of thousands of Maasai are affected by these changes. The Maasai are resisting eviction. They organise protests, take their cases to court and receive support from organisations in other countries.
The Maasai place great importance on their traditions, including community life. A boma is a traditional Maasai village. The houses are usually grouped together and protected by a fence made of branches. People and animals live there. A manyatta, by contrast, is a temporary settlement of a Maasai clan used for celebrations. A group of traditional houses is built temporarily and used for many weeks for traditional rituals and celebrations. It is not intended to be a permanent village. Maasai celebrations are usually rites of passage for men: from boy to warrior, from warrior to young adult, or to elder. These ceremonies take place only about every seven years. Maasai warriors are called moran. Traditionally, they protect the community and its livestock. In the past, they also guarded the area.
Lake Natron is a large salt lake in northern Tanzania. It lies near the Kenyan border, between Arusha and the Serengeti. The lake is known for its unique landscape and many flamingos. Oldoinyo Lengai is an active volcano in Tanzania. Its name means roughly “Mountain of God” in the Maasai language. The volcano is near Lake Natron.
Arusha is an important city in northern Tanzania. It is close to well-known national parks and is a key starting point for safaris. Kilimanjaro International Airport is about an hour’s drive outside the city. Arusha is also an important city for the Maasai in the region.